This is a list of Danish monarchs, that is, the kings and queens regnant of Denmark. This includes: * The Kingdom of Denmark (up to 1397) **

Personal union A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, would involve the constituent states being to some extent interlink ...

of Denmark and Norway (1380–1397) * The Kalmar Union (1397–1536) ** Union of Denmark, Norway and Sweden (1397–1523) ** Union of Denmark and Norway (1523–1536/1537) * The United Kingdoms of Denmark–Norway (1536/1537–1814) * The Kingdom of Denmark (1814–present) **

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...

(since the union between

Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark , establish ...

and

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the ...

in 1380; independent kingdom in a personal union with Denmark 1918–1944; a sovereign republic since 1944) **

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland i ...

(since the union between

and

in 1380; effective Danish–Norwegian control began in 1721; integrated into the Danish realm in 1953; internal home rule introduced 1979; self-determination assumed in 2009; Greenland has two out of 179 seats in the Danish parliament

Folketinget The Folketing ( da, Folketinget, ; ), also known as the Parliament of Denmark or the Danish Parliament in English, is the unicameral national legislature (parliament) of the Kingdom of Denmark—Denmark proper together with the Faroe Islands an ...

) **

Faroe Islands The Faroe Islands ( ), or simply the Faroes ( fo, Føroyar ; da, Færøerne ), are a North Atlantic island group and an autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark. They are located north-northwest of Scotland, and about halfway bet ...

(since the union between

and

in 1380; County of Denmark 1816–1948; internal home rule introduced 1948; The Faroe Islands have two out of 179 seats in the Danish parliament

) The

House of Oldenburg The House of Oldenburg is a German dynasty with links to Denmark since the 15th century. It has branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The cu ...

held the Danish Crown between 1448 and 1863, when it passed to the house of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a cadet branch of the same house, patrilineally descended from King Christian III of Denmark. The kingdom had been elective (although the eldest son or brother of the previous king was usually elected) until 1660, when it became hereditary and absolutist. Until 1864 Denmark was also united in a personal union with the duchies of

Holstein Holstein (; nds, label=Northern Low Saxon, Holsteen; da, Holsten; Latin and historical en, Holsatia, italic=yes) is the region between the rivers Elbe and Eider. It is the southern half of Schleswig-Holstein, the northernmost state of German ...

and

Saxe-Lauenburg The Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg (german: Herzogtum Sachsen-Lauenburg, called ''Niedersachsen'' (Lower Saxony) between the 14th and 17th centuries), was a ''reichsfrei'' duchy that existed from 1296–1803 and again from 1814–1876 in the extreme sou ...

(1814–1864), and in a political and personal union with the Duchy of

Schleswig The Duchy of Schleswig ( da, Hertugdømmet Slesvig; german: Herzogtum Schleswig; nds, Hartogdom Sleswig; frr, Härtochduum Slaswik) was a duchy in Southern Jutland () covering the area between about 60 km (35 miles) north and 70 km ...

Pre-''
House of Knýtlinga The Danish House of Knýtlinga (English: "House of Cnut's Descendants") was a ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England. Its most famous king was Cnut the Great, who gave his name to this dynasty. Other notable members were Cnut' ...
'' Danish monarchs

The exact date of origin of the Kingdom of Denmark is not established, but names of Danish kings begins to emerge in foreign sources from the 8th century and onwards. Danish and Nordic legendary stories, chronicles and sagas often have accounts of Danish kings and dynasties stretching further back in time than the 7th century, but the

historicity Historicity is the historical actuality of persons and events, meaning the quality of being part of history instead of being a historical myth, legend, or fiction. The historicity of a claim about the past is its factual status. Historicity denot ...

of the content and interpretations of these stories are often put to doubt. * Chochilaicus—see

Hugleik Hugleik or Ochilaik (a namesake of Hygelac) was a Swedish king of the House of Yngling, according to the '' Ynglinga saga''. He was the son of Alf and Bera. Some commentators assimilate Hugleik with his namesake, the Geatish king Hygelac. Howeve ...

and

Hygelac Hygelac ( ang, Hygelāc; non, Hugleikr; gem-x-proto, Hugilaikaz; la, Ch(l)ochilaicus or ''Hugilaicus''; died 521) was a king of the Geats according to the poem ''Beowulf''. It is Hygelac's presence in the poem which has allowed scholars to ...

— 515 AD, mentioned by Gregory of Tours (538–594). Hugleik, according to the written sources, suffered a defeat in 515 during a naval expedition to the Frankish Empire. Hugleik is the first Danish king mentioned in European sources. *

Ongendus Ongendus (perhaps Angantyr in Danish) was a king of the Danes, reigning c. 710, the first Danish king known from contemporary literature. Historical background He was presumably king of a stronger and more unified Denmark that rose at the e ...

(''Angantyr''):

Saint Willibrord Willibrord (; 658 – 7 November AD 739) was an Anglo-Saxon missionary and saint, known as the "Apostle to the Frisians" in the modern Netherlands. He became the first bishop of Utrecht and died at Echternach, Luxembourg. Early life His father ...

wrote about when he visited the Danes, at the time ruled by Ongendus. *Harald, named as former king in relating 9th-century events, perhaps model for legendary

Harald Wartooth Harald Wartooth or ''Harold Hiltertooth'' (Old Norse: Haraldr hilditǫnn; Modern Swedish and Danish: Harald Hildetand; Modern Norwegian: ''Harald Hildetann''; flourished 8th century) was a legendary king of Denmark who is mentioned in several ...

. Related to the Frisian king Redbad II who in 754 had to flee to "the land of the Danes" where King Harald reigned (''"Daniae Regi Heraldi"''). *

Sigfred Sigfred was an eighth century Danish king who is known to have reigned from before 777 to after 798. Fragments of his reign can be traced via Frankish sources. Assistance to Widukind King Sigfred is first mentioned in 777 when the Saxon chie ...

: 770s–790s *

Gudfred Gudfred was a ninth century Danish king who reigned from at least 804 to 810. Alternate spellings include ''Godfred'' (Danish), ''Göttrick'' (German), ''Gøtrik'' (Danish), ''Gudrød'' (Danish), and ''Godofredus'' (Latin). He stands at the thres ...

: 804–810, mentioned as Danish king in the

Treaty of Heiligen The Treaty of Heiligen was signed in 811 between the Danish King Hemming and Charlemagne. Based on the terms of the accord, the southern boundary of Denmark was established at the Eider River. Moreover, the treaty confirmed the peace established ...

811. Alternate spellings: Godfred, Göttrick (German), Godric(Anglicized English), Gøtrik (Danish), Gudrød (Danish) * Hemming: 810–811/812 The

was signed in 811 between the Danish King Hemming and

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first ...

. *

, nephew of

, and Anulo (''Anlaufr''), grandson or nephew of Harald, fought for the throne and both were killed, perhaps model for the legendary

Sigurd Hring Sigurd Ring (Old Norse: ''Sigurðr Hringr'', in some sources merely called ''Hringr'') according to legend was a king of the Swedes, being mentioned in many old Scandinavian sagas. According to these sources he was granted rulership over Sweden a ...

: *

Harald Klak Harald 'Klak' Halfdansson (c. 785 – c. 852) was a king in Jutland (and possibly other parts of Denmark) around 812–814 and again from 819–827."Carolingian Chronicles: Royal Frankish Annals and Nithard's Histories" (1970), translation by Bernh ...

and his brothers Ragnfrid and Hemming Halfdansson: 812–813 and again from 819/827. From 826 he and his household lived in exile with the Frankish emperor

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

, he was baptized by the bishop of Mainz in

Ingelheim Ingelheim (), officially Ingelheim am Rhein ( en, Ingelheim upon Rhine), is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in the Rhineland-Palatinate state of Germany. The town sprawls along the Rhine's west bank. It has been Mainz-Bingen's district seat ...

am Rhein. The last reference of Harald in the written sources are in the Annals of Fulda which records his execution for treason in 852. *Sons of Gudfred(Godrik): 814–820s **

Horik I Horik I or Hårik (died 854) was a king of the Danes. He was co-ruler from 813, and sole king from c. 828 until his violent death in 854. His long and eventful reign was marked by Danish raids on the Carolingian Empire of Louis the Pious, son a ...

: (814) 827–854, King of the Danes (at first ruling jointly with his unnamed brothers). The Frankish annals mention Horik on numerous occasions during the next couple of decades. *

Horik II Horik II (died after 864), also known as Hårik or, in late sources, Erik Barn (Danish: "Erik the Child"), was King of the Danes from the fall of Horik I in 854 to an unknown date between 864 and 873. During his reign the Danish kingdom showed ...

: 854–860s. He is believed to have been the immediate successor of Horik I, but the annals are silent about the name of the Danish king for a few years after the disaster of 854. In 857, Horik II allowed Rorik to occupy the part of the kingdom between the sea and the

Eider Eiders () are large seaducks in the genus ''Somateria''. The three extant species all breed in the cooler latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The down feathers of eider ducks, and some other ducks and geese, are used to fill pillows and quil ...

. Horik II was still alive in 864, when a letter was addressed to him by Pope Nicholas I. *Late 9th century kings **

Bagsecg Bagsecg (born: 830-died: 8 January, 871), also known as Bacgsecg, was a viking and a leader of the Great Army, which invaded England. According to the ''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'', Bagsecg and Healfdene ( Norse ''Hálfdan'') were joint commande ...

: **

Halfdan Halfdan (, ang, Healfdene, Medieval : "half Dane") was a late 5th and early 6th century legendary Danish king of the Scylding (Skjöldung) lineage, the son of king named Fróði in many accounts, noted mainly as the father to the two kings who ...

: 871–877 **

: . It is generally assumed that he was the immediate successor of Horik II, although that is not certain. His year of succession is unknown, but it was between 864 (when Horik II was still king) and his first appearance as king in the Frankish annals in 873. Sigifrid was baptized in 882. **

: 880s ** Heiligo (''Halga''): 890s (?), described by

Adam of Bremen Adam of Bremen ( la, Adamus Bremensis; german: Adam von Bremen) (before 1050 – 12 October 1081/1085) was a German medieval chronicler. He lived and worked in the second half of the eleventh century. Adam is most famous for his chronicle ''Gesta ...

as the immediate predecessor of the House of Olof. *The "

House of Olaf The House of Olaf was a dynasty which ruled Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state ...

": late 9th century and early 10th century. This dynasty is described by Adam of Bremen, and members of this claimed dynasty are commemorated by the two

Sigtrygg Runestones The two Sigtrygg Runestones, designated as DR 2 and DR 4 in the Rundata catalog, are two of the Hedeby stones that were found in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, which during the Viking Age was part of Denmark. The runestones were raised after the Dan ...

, which represent contemporary evidence that some of these kings controlled at least part of Denmark. ** Olof, said by Adam to have come from Sweden and defeated Heiligo, taking the crown. **

Gyrd and Gnupa Gyrd and Gnupa were kings of Denmark in the 10th century according to Sweyn II of Denmark and Adam of Bremen. They were the sons of the Swedish chieftain Olof (or Olaf) the Brash who had conquered Denmark and they ruled together according to Swedi ...

, sons and joint successors of Olof, according to Adam. Gnupa is named by

Widukind of Corvey Widukind of Corvey (c. 925after 973) was a medieval Saxon chronicler. His three-volume '' Res gestae Saxonicae sive annalium libri tres'' is an important chronicle of 10th-century Germany during the rule of the Ottonian dynasty. Life In view of ...

as leader of the Danes in 934, and appears on the Sigtrygg Runestones. ** Sigtrygg, son of Gnupa, memorialized on the Sigtrygg Runestones, presumably dating from shortly after 934.

Semi-legendary kings

Ragnar Lodbrok according to legends, was a Viking hero and a Danish and Swedish king.Gutenberg Projec ...

, a legendary king probably in the 9th century, only appears in sagas and late histories, and these accounts are wildly inconsistent. He may be a composite character, a chimera of several historical kings and Vikings. *

Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye Sigurd Snake-in-the-eye ( non, Sigurðr ormr í auga) or Sigurd Áslaugsson was a semi-legendary Viking warrior and Danish king active from the mid to late 9th century. According to multiple saga sources and Scandinavian histories from the 12th ...

(da: Sigurd Orm-i-øje or Snogeøje). Mentioned by late

Chronicon Roskildense ''Chronicon Roskildense'' (Danish: ''Roskildekrøniken'' English: ''Roskilde Chronicle'') is a small Danish historical work, written in Latin. It is one of the oldest known attempts to write a coherent account of Danish history by a Danish aut ...

and

Ragnarssona þáttr The ''Tale of Ragnar's sons'' ( non, Ragnarssona þáttr) is an Old Norse story about Ragnar Lodbrok and his sons. Summary Ragnar Lodbrok When Sigurd Ring dies, Ragnar Lodbrok succeeds him as the king of Sweden and Denmark. Many foreign kings ...

. Said to be king of

Zealand Zealand ( da, Sjælland ) at 7,031 km2 is the largest and most populous island in Denmark proper (thus excluding Greenland and Disko Island, which are larger in size). Zealand had a population of 2,319,705 on 1 January 2020. It is the 1 ...

and

Scania Scania, also known by its native name of Skåne (, ), is the southernmost of the historical provinces (''landskap'') of Sweden. Located in the south tip of the geographical region of Götaland, the province is roughly conterminous with Skåne ...

, and son of

Ragnar Lodbrok according to legends, was a Viking hero and a Danish and Swedish king.Gutenberg Projec ...

. He may be inspired by late 9th century King Sigfred (above). * Harthacnut (''Hardeknud''). According to the sagas he is son of Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, but some historians identify him with Adam's Hardegon, Svein's son, who invaded Denmark from ''Northmannia'' and supplanted the House of Olof. He may have ruled only part of Denmark, as Adam places the commencement of his long reign between 909 and 915, while the House of Olof was still ruling at least part of Denmark as late as 934. He was father of Gorm the Old.

List of monarchs of Denmark

House of Gorm (c. 936–1042)

House of Fairhair (1042–1047)

House of Estridsen The House of Estridsen was a dynasty that provided the kings of Denmark from 1047 to 1412. The dynasty is named after its ancestor Estrid Svendsdatter. The dynasty is sometimes called the ''Ulfinger'', after Estrid's husband, Ulf Jarl. The dyna ...
(1047–1375)

House of Bjelbo (1376–1387)

House of Estridsen (1387–1412)

House of Pomerania The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty (german: Greifen; pl, Gryfici, da, Grif) was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been tak ...
(1396–1439)

House of Palatinate-Neumarkt A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...
(1440–1448)

House of Oldenburg The House of Oldenburg is a German dynasty with links to Denmark since the 15th century. It has branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The cu ...
(1448–1863)

, - ,
1 September 1448

21 May 1481
''()'' , Christian-I-DenmarkNorwaySweden

Armoiries Kristian I de Danmark 1426-1481

, February 1426

Oldenburg Oldenburg may also refer to: Places *Mount Oldenburg, Ellsworth Land, Antarctica *Oldenburg (city), an independent city in Lower Saxony, Germany **Oldenburg (district), a district historically in Oldenburg Free State and now in Lower Saxony *Olde ...

eldest son of

Dietrich, Count of Oldenburg Dietrich or Theoderic of Oldenburg (c. 1398 – 14 February 1440) was a feudal lord in Northern Germany, holding the counties of Delmenhorst and Oldenburg. He was called "Fortunatus", as he was able to secure Delmenhorst for his branch of ...

and

Helvig of Schauenburg Helvig of Schauenburg (german: Heilwig von Holstein) (1398–1436) was a duchess of Schleswig and a countess of Holstein from the family of Schauenburg. She was the mother of King Christian I of Denmark and ancestor of the Danish Royal houses of ...

Dorothea of Brandenburg Dorothea of Brandenburg (1430/1431 – 10 November 1495) was a Hohenzollern princess who became a Scandinavian queen by marriage under the Kalmar Union. She was Queen of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden from her marriage to King Christopher III in 1 ...

28 October 1449
Church of Our Lady
five children , 21 May 1481

Copenhagen Castle Copenhagen Castle ( da, Københavns Slot) was a castle on the islet of Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It was built in the late 14th century and was located at the site of the current Christiansborg Palace. History In 1167, Bisho ...

aged 55 , - ,
''(Hans)''
21 May 1481

20 February 1513
''()'' , King john of denmark and norway

, 2 February 1455

Aalborghus Castle Aalborghus Castle ( da, Aalborghus Slot) is a castle in Aalborg, Denmark. It is a half-timbered (''bindingsværk'') castle built by King Christian III from 1539 to around 1555 initially as a fortification. A building had existed at the site befor ...

third son of

Christian I Christian I (February 1426 – 21 May 1481) was a Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union. He was king of Denmark (1448–1481), Norway (1450–1481) and Sweden (1457–1464). From 1460 to 1481, he was also duke of Schleswig (within ...

and

Christina of Saxony Christina of Saxony (born Torgau, 25 December 1461 – died Odense, 8 December 1521), was Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden as the wife of King John. Life Early life Christina was engaged to John, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, in 14 ...

6 September 1478

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan ar ...

five children , 20 February 1513

aged 58 , - ,
22 July 1513

20 January 1523
''()''
(deposed) , , , 1 July 1481

Nyborg Castle Nyborg Slot is a restored medieval castle in Nyborg on the Danish island of Funen. The castle figures prominently in Danish history. It was here that King Eric V Klipping signed Denmark's first constitution in 1282. The castle was also the ven ...

second son of

John John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Secon ...

and

Isabella of Austria Isabella of Austria (18 July 1501 – 19 January 1526), also known as Elizabeth, was Queen of Denmark, Norway and Sweden as the wife of King Christian II. She was the daughter of King Philip I and Queen Joanna of Castile and the sister of Empe ...

12 August 1515

six children , 25 January 1559

Kalundborg Castle Kalundborg () is a Danish city with a population of 16,211 (1 January 2022), , Armoiries Fréderic 1 du Danemark 1523-1533

, 7 October 1471

Haderslevhus Castle Haderslevhus (or Hansborg) is the name of a castle that once stood in the Danish city of Haderslev, until destroyed by a fire in 1644. History Like most of the medieval cities of trade, Haderslev had a royal castle, which was called Haderslevh ...

fourth son of

and

, (1)

Anna of Brandenburg Margravine Anna of Brandenburg (27 August 1487 – 3 May 1514) was a German noblewoman. Margravine Anna was the daughter of John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg and Margaret of Thuringia. She was born in Berlin, Brandenburg, and died in Kiel ...

10 April 1502

Stendal The Hanseatic City of Stendal () is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of the Stendal District and the unofficial capital of the Altmark region. Geography Situated west of the Elbe valley, the Stendal town centre is located s ...

two children
(2)

Sophie of Pomerania Sophie of Pomerania (1498–1568) was Queen of Denmark and Norway as the spouse of Frederick I. She is known for her independent rule over her fiefs Lolland and Falster, the castles in Kiel and Plön, and several villages in Holstein as queen ...

9 October 1518
Kiel Castle
six children , 10 April 1533

Gottorp Castle Gottorf Castle (german: Schloss Gottorf, da, Gottorp Slot, Low German: ''Gottorp'') is a castle and estate in the city of Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is one of the most important secular buildings in Schleswig-Holstein, and ...

aged 61 , - , align="center" colspan="6", Interregnum (1533–1534) , - ,
4 July 1534

1 January 1559
''()'' , Christian III of Denmark

Armoiries de Christian III de Danemark (1503-1559)

, 12 August 1503

only son of

Frederick I Frederick I may refer to: * Frederick of Utrecht or Frederick I (815/16–834/38), Bishop of Utrecht. * Frederick I, Duke of Upper Lorraine (942–978) * Frederick I, Duke of Swabia (1050–1105) * Frederick I, Count of Zoll ...

and

Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (9 July 1511 – 7 October 1571) was queen consort of Denmark and Norway by marriage to King Christian III of Denmark. She was known to having wielded influence upon the affairs of state in Denmark.Jorgensen, Ellen & Sk ...

29 October 1525

Lauenburg Castle The Lauenburg is a ruined medieval castle in the East Harz in central Germany situated on an elevation southwest of the village of Stecklenberg (in the borough of Thale) in Harz district in the state of Saxony-Anhalt in the former German Democra ...

five children , 1 January 1559
Koldinghus Castle
aged 55 , - ,
1 January 1559

4 April 1588
''()'' , 1581 Frederik 2

Armoiries Fréderic II du Danemark simple

, 1 July 1534

eldest son of

Christian III Christian III (12 August 1503 – 1 January 1559) reigned as King of Denmark from 1534 and King of Norway from 1537 until his death in 1559. During his reign, Christian formed close ties between the church and the crown. He established ...

and

Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (''Sophia''; 4 September 1557 – 14 October 1631) was Queen of Denmark and Norway by marriage to Frederick II of Denmark. She was the mother of King Christian IV of Denmark and Anne of Denmark. She was Regent of Schl ...

20 July 1572

eight children , 4 April 1588

Antvorskov Castle Antvorskov Monastery (Danish: ''Antvorskov Kloster'') was the principal Scandinavian monastery of the Catholic Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, located about one kilometer south of the town of Slagelse on Zealand, Denmark. It served as the Sca ...

aged 53 , - ,
4 April 1588

28 February 1648
''()'' , Christian IV Pieter Isaacsz 1612

, 12 April 1577

Frederiksborg Palace Frederiksborg Castle ( da, Frederiksborg Slot) is a palatial complex in Hillerød, Denmark. It was built as a royal residence for King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway in the early 17th century, replacing an older castle acquired by Frederick II ...

eldest son of Frederick II and

, (1)

Anne Catherine of Brandenburg Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (26 June 1575 – 8 April 1612) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1597 to 1612 as the first spouse of King Christian IV of Denmark. Life Anne Catherine was born in Halle (Saale) and raised in Wolmirstedt. Her pa ...

27 November 1597

seven children
(2)

Kirsten Munk Kirsten Munk (sometimes "Christina Munk"; 6 July 1598 19 April 1658) was a Danish noble, the second spouse of King Christian IV of Denmark, and mother to twelve of his children. Early life and morganatic marriage Kirsten Munk was the daughter o ...

31 December 1615

twelve children , 28 February 1648

Rosenborg Castle Rosenborg Castle ( da, Rosenborg Slot) is a renaissance castle located in Copenhagen, Denmark. The castle was originally built as a country summerhouse in 1606 and is an example of Christian IV's many architectural projects. It was built in the D ...

aged 70 , - ,
6 July 1648

9 February 1670
''()'' , Frederik III i rustning

Royal Arms of Norway & Denmark (1559-1699)

, 18 March 1609

third son of

Christian IV Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years, 330 days is the longest of Danish monarchs and Scandinavian monar ...

and

Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Calenberg (24 March 1628 – 20 February 1685) was Queen of Denmark and Norway as the consort of the King Frederick III of Denmark. She is known for her political influence, as well as for her cultural impact: she act ...

1 October 1643

Glücksburg Castle Glücksburg Castle ( German: Schloss Glücksburg, Danish: ''Lyksborg Slot'') is one of the most significant Renaissance castles in Northern Europe. The castle was the headquarters of the ducal lines of the house of Glücksburg and temporarily serv ...

eight children , 9 February 1670

aged 60 , - ,
9 February 1670

25 August 1699
''()'' , Christian V of Denmark

, 15 April 1646
Duborg Castleeldest son of Frederick III and

Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel (27 April 1650 – 27 March 1714) was Queen of Denmark and Norway by marriage to King Christian V. Although she did not have much political influence, she was a successful businesswoman in her many estates and prot ...

25 June 1667
Nykøbing Castle
eight children , 25 August 1699

aged 53 , - ,
25 August 1699

12 October 1730
''()'' , Frederik den 4

Royal Arms of King Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway

, 11 October 1671

eldest son of Christian V and

, (1)

Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow Louise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (28 August 1667 – 15 March 1721) was Queen of Denmark and Norway as the first spouse of King Frederick IV of Denmark. In 1708–09, she was regent during her husband's trip to Italy. Early life Louise was born in ...

5 December 1695

five children
(2) Elisabeth Helene von Vieregg
6 September 1703
one son
(3) Anne Sophie Reventlow
4 April 1721

three children , 12 October 1730

Odense Palace Odense Palace ( da, Odense Slot) in the city of Odense on the Danish island of Funen has its origins in a 15th-century monastery which passed to the Crown after the Reformation, and since then has served as an administrative building: in turn as ...

aged 59 , - ,
12 October 1730

6 August 1746
''()'' , Christian VI, King of Denmark

Royal Arms of Denmark & Norway (1699–1819)

, 30 November 1699

second son of Frederick IV and

Sophia Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (28 November 1700 – 27 May 1770) was Queen of Denmark and Norway by marriage to King Christian VI of Denmark and Norway. Life Early life She was born in Castle Schonberg, Bavaria, to Christian Heinric ...

7 August 1721
Pretzsch Castle
three children , 6 August 1746

Hirschholm Palace Hirschholm Palace, also known as Hørsholm Palace, was a royal palace located in present-day Hørsholm municipality just north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was rebuilt in the Baroque style in the 1740s and, one of the finest buildings of its time, it ...

aged 46 , - ,
6 August 1746

14 January 1766
''()'' , Pilo - Frederik V of Denmark

, 31 March 1723

only son of Christian VI and

, (1)

Louise of Great Britain Louise of Great Britain (originally Louisa; 1724 – 19 December 1751) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1746 until her death, as the first wife of King Frederick V. She was the youngest surviving daughter of King George II of Great Britain ...

11 December 1743
Altona
five children
(2)

Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern (Danish: ''Juliane Marie''; 4 September 1729 – 10 October 1796) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1752 to 1766 as the second consort of King Frederick V of Denmark and Norway. She was mother to ...

8 July 1752

one son , 14 January 1766
Christiansborg Palace
aged 42 , - ,
14 January 1766

13 March 1808
''()'' , Christianviidenmark

, 29 January 1749
Christiansborg Palacesecond son of

Frederick V Frederick V or Friedrich V may refer to: * Frederick V, Duke of Swabia (1164–1170) *Frederick V, Count of Zollern (d.1289) *Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg (c. 1333–1398), German noble *Frederick V of Austria (1415–1493), or Frederick III ...

and

Caroline Matilda of Great Britain Caroline Matilda of Great Britain ( da, Caroline Mathilde; 1751 – 10 May 1775) was Queen of Denmark and Norway from 1766 to 1772 by marriage to King Christian VII. The youngest and posthumous daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales, by Prince ...

8 November 1766
Christiansborg Palace
two children , 13 March 1808

Rendsburg Rendsburg ( da, Rendsborg, also ''Rensborg'', nds, Rendsborg, also ''Rensborg'') is a town on the River Eider and the Kiel Canal in the central part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the capital of the ''Kreis'' (district) of Rendsburg-Ecke ...

aged 59 , - ,
13 March 1808

3 December 1839
''()'' , Christoph Wilhelm Wohlien - Portræt af Frederik VI

Royal Coat of Arms of Denmark (1819-1903)

, 28 January 1768
Christiansborg Palaceonly son of

Christian VII Christian VII (29 January 1749 – 13 March 1808) was a monarch of the House of Oldenburg who was King of Denmark–Norway and Duke of Duchy of Schleswig, Schleswig and Duchy of Holstein, Holstein from 1766 until his death in 1808. For his motto ...

and

Marie Sophie of Hesse-Kassel Marie Sophie Frederikke of Hesse-Kassel (28 October 1767 – 21/22 March 1852) was Queen of Denmark and Norway by marriage to Frederick VI. She served as regent of Denmark during the absence of her spouse in 1814–1815. Biography Early life ...

31 July 1790

eight children , 3 December 1839

Amalienborg Palace Amalienborg () is the official residence for the Danish royal family, and is located in Copenhagen, Denmark. Queen Magrethe ll lives here in winter and autumn. It consists of four identical classical palace façades with rococo interiors arou ...

aged 71 , - ,
Christian Frederick
3 December 1839

20 January 1848
''()'' , Kong Christian d

, 18 September 1786
Christiansborg Palaceeldest son of

Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark ( da, Frederik; 11 October 1753 – 7 December 1805) was heir presumptive to the thrones of Denmark and Norway. He was the only surviving son of King Frederick V by his second wife, Juliana Maria of Braunsc ...

and

Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (24 August 1758 – 29 November 1794) was born a Princess and Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and by marriage Hereditary Princess of Denmark and Norway. Life Born in Schwerin, she was the only daughter ...

, (1) Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
21 June 1806
Ludwigslust Castle
two sons
(2)

Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg Caroline Amalie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg (28 June 1796 – 9 March 1881) was Queen of Denmark as the second spouse of King Christian VIII between 1839 and 1848. Life Early life Caroline Amalie was the daughter of Freder ...

22 May 1815

Augustenborg Palace Augustenborg Palace (or Augustenborg Castle; da, Augustenborg Slot, german: Schloss Augustenburg) is a Rococo-style palace in the southwestern part of Augustenborg, Als Island, Denmark, overlooking Augustenborg Fjord. The palace owes its name ...

no issue , 20 January 1848

aged 61 , - ,
Frederik Carl Christian
20 January 1848

15 November 1863
''()'' , Frederik VII af August Schiøtt

, 6 October 1808

second son of Christian VIII and Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , (1) Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark
1 November 1828
Christiansborg Palace
no issue
(2) Caroline of Mecklenburg
10 June 1841

Neustrelitz Neustrelitz (; East Low German: ''Niegenstrelitz'') is a town in the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is situated on the shore of the Zierker See in the Mecklenburg Lake District. From 17 ...

no issue
(3) Louise Rasmussen
7 August 1850

no issue , 15 November 1863

aged 55

House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (since 1863)

, - ,
15 November 1863

29 January 1906
''()'' , Christian_IX_af_Henrik_Olrik

, 8 April 1818
Gottorf Castle

fourth son of Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel , Louise of Hesse-Kassel
26 May 1842

six children , 29 January 1906

aged 87 , Great-grandson of Frederick V of Denmark, King Frederick V and male-line descendant of Christian III of Denmark, King Christian III , , - ,
Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl
29 January 1906

14 May 1912
''()'' , Otto Bache - Portræt af Frederik VIII - 1909

Otto Bache - Portræt af Frederik VIII - 1909

Royal Coat of Arms of Denmark (1903-1948)

, 3 June 1843
Yellow Mansion, Copenhagen, Yellow Palace

eldest son of Christian IX of Denmark, Christian IX and Louise of Hesse-Kassel , Louise of Sweden
28 July 1869
Stockholm
eight children , 14 May 1912
Jungfernstieg, Hamburg
aged 68 , Son of Christian IX of Denmark, King Christian IX , , - ,
Christian Carl Frederik Albert Alexander Vilhelm
14 May 1912

20 April 1947
''()'' , King Christian X of Denmark - Knud Larsen

King Christian X of Denmark - Knud Larsen

, 26 September 1870
Charlottenlund Palace

eldest son of Frederick VIII of Denmark, Frederick VIII and Louise of Sweden , Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
26 April 1898
Cannes
two sons , 20 April 1947

aged 76 , Son of Frederick VIII of Denmark, King Frederick VIII , , - ,
Christian Frederik Franz Michael Carl Valdemar Georg
20 April 1947

14 January 1972
''()'' , Frederik IX (cropped) - Det Kongelige Bibliotek (KE062449)

Frederik IX (cropped) - Det Kongelige Bibliotek (KE062449)

Royal Coat of Arms of Denmark (1948-1972)

, 11 March 1899
Sorgenfri Palace

eldest son of Christian X of Denmark, Christian X and Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin , Ingrid of Sweden
24 May 1935
Storkyrkan, Storkyrkan Cathedral, Stockholm
three daughters , 14 January 1972

aged 72 , Son of Christian X of Denmark, King Christian X , , - ,
Margrethe Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid
14 January 1972

Present
''()'' , Drottning Margrethe av Danmark

, 16 April 1940

eldest daughter of Frederick IX of Denmark, Frederick IX and Ingrid of Sweden , Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark, Henri de Laborde de Monpezat
10 June 1967
Holmen Church,

two sons , Incumbent
Age , Daughter of Frederick IX of Denmark, King Frederick IX ,

Timeline of Danish monarchs

ImageSize=width:1250 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea=top:10 bottom:30 right:130 left:20 AlignBars=justify DateFormat=yyyy Period=from:940 till:2021 TimeAxis=orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor=unit:year increment:100 start:950 ScaleMinor=unit:year increment:25 start:950 Colors= id:canvas value:rgb(1,1,1) id:al value:yellow id:du value:green id:fa value:rgb(1,0.5,0.5) id:ba value:red id:br value:rgb(0.5,0.5,1) id:sw value:rgb(0.85,0.35,0) id:su value:orange id:cw value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) id:eon value:Black Backgroundcolors=canvas:canvas BarData= barset:Rulers bar:eon PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:8 mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(0,-5) bar:eon color:eon from: 940 till: 1042 color: al text:House of Gorm, Gorm from: 1042 till: 1047 color: du text:House of Fairhair, Fairhair from: 1047 till: 1375 color: fa text:House of Estridsen, Estridsen from: 1376 till: 1387 color: ba text:House of Bjelbo, Bjelbo from: 1387 till: 1412 color: fa text:House of Estridsen, Estridsen from: 1396 till: 1439 color: br text:House of Pomerania, Pomerania from: 1440 till: 1448 color: cw text:House of Palatinate-Neumarkt, Palatinate-Neumarkt from: 1448 till: 1863 color: sw text:House of Oldenburg, Oldenburg from: 1863 till: 2021 color: su text:House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:Rulers from: 940 till: 964 color:al text:Gorm the Old from: 964 till: 985 color:al text:Harald Bluetooth, Harald I Bluetooth from: 986 till: 1014 color:al text:Sweyn Forkbeard, Sweyn I Forkbeard from: 1014 till: 1018 color:al text:Harald II of Denmark, Harald II Svendsen from: 1018 till: 1035 color:al text:Cnut the Great from: 1035 till: 1042 color:al text:Harthacnut from: 1042 till: 1047 color:du text:Magnus the Good from: 1047 till: 1076 color:fa text:Sweyn II of Denmark, Sweyn II Estridsson from: 1076 till: 1080 color:fa text:Harald III of Denmark, Harald III the Soft from: 1080 till: 1086 color:fa text:Canute IV of Denmark, Canute IV the Holy from: 1086 till: 1095 color:fa text:Olaf I of Denmark, Olaf I Hunger from: 1095 till: 1103 color:fa text:Eric I of Denmark, Eric I Evergood from: 1104 till: 1134 color:fa text:Niels, King of Denmark, Niels from: 1134 till: 1137 color:fa text:Eric II the Memorable from: 1137 till: 1146 color:fa text:Eric III Lamb from: 1146 till: 1157 color:fa text:Sweyn III of Denmark, Sweyn III Grathe from: 1146 till: 1157 color:fa text:Canute V of Denmark, Canute V from: 1154 till: 1182 color:fa text:Valdemar I of Denmark, Valdemar I the Great from: 1170 till: 1202 color:fa text:Canute VI of Denmark, Canute VI from: 1202 till: 1241 color:fa text:Valdemar II of Denmark, Valdemar II the Victorious from: 1215 till: 1231 color:fa text:Valdemar the Young from: 1232 till: 1250 color:fa text:Eric IV of Denmark, Eric IV Ploughpenny from: 1250 till: 1252 color:fa text:Abel, King of Denmark, Abel from: 1252 till: 1259 color:fa text:Christopher I of Denmark, Christopher I from: 1259 till: 1286 color:fa text:Eric V of Denmark, Eric V Klipping from: 1286 till: 1319 color:fa text:Eric VI of Denmark, Eric VI Menved from: 1320 till: 1326 color:fa text:Christopher II of Denmark, Christopher II from: 1321 till: 1326 color:fa text:Eric Christoffersen of Denmark, Erik Christoffersen from: 1326 till: 1329 color:fa text:Valdemar III of Denmark, Valdemar III from: 1329 till: 1332 color:fa text:Christopher II of Denmark, Christopher II (restored) from: 1329 till: 1331 color:fa text:Eric Christoffersen of Denmark, Erik Christoffersen (restored) from: 1332 till: 1340 color:fa text:Interregnum from: 1340 till: 1375 color:fa text:Valdemar IV of Denmark, Valdemar IV Atterdag from: 1376 till: 1387 color:ba text:Olaf II of Denmark, Olaf II from: 1376 till: 1412 color:fa text:Margrethe I of Denmark, Margrethe I from: 1396 till: 1439 color:br text:Eric VII of Denmark, Eric VII from: 1440 till: 1448 color:cw text:Christopher III of Denmark, Christopher III from: 1448 till: 1481 color:sw text:

from: 1481 till: 1513 color:sw text:

from: 1513 till: 1523 color:sw text:Christian II of Denmark, Christian II from: 1523 till: 1533 color:sw text:

from: 1533 till: 1534 color:sw text:Interregnum from: 1534 till: 1559 color:sw text:

from: 1559 till: 1588 color:sw text: Frederick II from: 1588 till: 1648 color:sw text:

from: 1648 till: 1670 color:sw text: Frederick III from: 1670 till: 1699 color:sw text: Christian V from: 1699 till: 1730 color:sw text: Frederick IV from: 1730 till: 1746 color:sw text: Christian VI from: 1746 till: 1766 color:sw text:

from: 1766 till: 1808 color:sw text:

from: 1784 till: 1808 color:sw text:Frederick VI of Denmark, Frederick VI (as regent) from: 1808 till: 1839 color:sw text:Frederick VI of Denmark, Frederick VI from: 1839 till: 1848 color:sw text: Christian VIII from: 1848 till: 1863 color:sw text:Frederick VII of Denmark, Frederick VII from: 1863 till: 1906 color:su text:Christian IX of Denmark, Christian IX from: 1906 till: 1912 color:su text:Frederick VIII of Denmark, Frederick VIII from: 1912 till: 1947 color:su text:Christian X of Denmark, Christian X from: 1947 till: 1972 color:su text:Frederick IX of Denmark, Frederick IX from: 1972 till: 2021 color:su text:Margrethe II of Denmark, Margrethe II barset:skip

Pre-''
House of Knýtlinga The Danish House of Knýtlinga (English: "House of Cnut's Descendants") was a ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England. Its most famous king was Cnut the Great, who gave his name to this dynasty. Other notable members were Cnut' ...
'' Danish monarchs

Semi-legendary kings

List of monarchs of Denmark

House of Gorm (c. 936–1042)

House of Fairhair (1042–1047)

House of Estridsen The House of Estridsen was a dynasty that provided the kings of Denmark from 1047 to 1412. The dynasty is named after its ancestor Estrid Svendsdatter. The dynasty is sometimes called the ''Ulfinger'', after Estrid's husband, Ulf Jarl. The dyna ...
(1047–1375)

House of Bjelbo (1376–1387)

House of Estridsen (1387–1412)

House of Pomerania The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty (german: Greifen; pl, Gryfici, da, Grif) was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been tak ...
(1396–1439)

House of Palatinate-Neumarkt A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...
(1440–1448)

House of Oldenburg The House of Oldenburg is a German dynasty with links to Denmark since the 15th century. It has branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The cu ...
(1448–1863)

House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (since 1863)

Timeline of Danish monarchs

See also

Notes

Further reading

Pre-''House of Knýtlinga The Danish House of Knýtlinga (English: "House of Cnut's Descendants") was a ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England. Its most famous king was Cnut the Great, who gave his name to this dynasty. Other notable members were Cnut' ...'' Danish monarchs

Semi-legendary kings

List of monarchs of Denmark

House of Gorm (c. 936–1042)

House of Fairhair (1042–1047)

House of Estridsen The House of Estridsen was a dynasty that provided the kings of Denmark from 1047 to 1412. The dynasty is named after its ancestor Estrid Svendsdatter. The dynasty is sometimes called the ''Ulfinger'', after Estrid's husband, Ulf Jarl. The dyna ... (1047–1375)

House of Bjelbo (1376–1387)

House of Estridsen (1387–1412)

House of Pomerania The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty (german: Greifen; pl, Gryfici, da, Grif) was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been tak ... (1396–1439)

House of Palatinate-Neumarkt A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ... (1440–1448)

House of Oldenburg The House of Oldenburg is a German dynasty with links to Denmark since the 15th century. It has branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The cu ... (1448–1863)

House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (since 1863)

Timeline of Danish monarchs

See also

Notes

Further reading

Pre-''
House of Knýtlinga The Danish House of Knýtlinga (English: "House of Cnut's Descendants") was a ruling royal house in Middle Age Scandinavia and England. Its most famous king was Cnut the Great, who gave his name to this dynasty. Other notable members were Cnut' ...
'' Danish monarchs

House of Estridsen The House of Estridsen was a dynasty that provided the kings of Denmark from 1047 to 1412. The dynasty is named after its ancestor Estrid Svendsdatter. The dynasty is sometimes called the ''Ulfinger'', after Estrid's husband, Ulf Jarl. The dyna ...
(1047–1375)

House of Pomerania The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty (german: Greifen; pl, Gryfici, da, Grif) was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been tak ...
(1396–1439)

House of Palatinate-Neumarkt A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air condi ...
(1440–1448)

House of Oldenburg The House of Oldenburg is a German dynasty with links to Denmark since the 15th century. It has branches that rule or have ruled in Denmark, Iceland, Greece, Norway, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Schleswig, Holstein, and Oldenburg. The cu ...
(1448–1863)